Shock-absorber.



G. DE FERNANZO.

SHOCK ABSORBER. APPLICATION FILED APR.13. 1914.

Patented; June 29, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

In Il' G. DE FERNANZO.

SHOCK ABSORBER. vAPPLICATION FILED APR. I3, i914- Patented'J une 29,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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GARIBALDI DE FEaNANzo, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIGrNoIsJ 0FONE- THIRD T0 LOUIS MORLEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.-

- s SHOCK-ABSQRBER.

To all/whom t may concern: j Be it known that I, GARIBALDI iDE FER-.NANz0, a citizen of the United States, re-

the following lis `a specification. j

A My invention'relates to improvements in shock absorbers, the object ofthe invention being to provide a shock absorber whichresists sudden.jars and movements of the the piston as the c spring, compelling. thering to move slowly and easily without jar and jolt, and

which absolutely prevents any rebound ofl the spring, but compels thespring to return slowly to its normal position. A fu her ob 'ect is toprovide a shock absorber of the character stated in which an improvedarrangement of piston and ,cylinder is employed with improved meansrforcontrollingthe by-passing of Huid through ylinder or piston moverelative to each other. l

-A further object is to` provide improved mounting fortheV shockabsorberwhich enables the sameV to operate with equal 'eiiiciency atlany angle, andv which is capable j.

of a wider'ange of variation inv the mounting-so as to adapt the shockabsorber for any ordinary vehicle. y

With these and other objects .inviewzthe invention consists in certainnovel features of construction and combinations and arrangements ofparts, as will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out inthe claims. v, f

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a view. in verticallongitudinal section illustrating my improvements. Fig. 2 is afragmentary view in elevation' of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in transversesection on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 isa view in transversesection on the line 4-4 of Fig., 1.

1 and 2 represent supporting membersfor the respective ends of myimproved shock absorber, and While inthe present instance I haveillustrated these supporting members as constituting the two sections ofan relliptical spring, I would have it understoodthat Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application med April 1a, 191e. serial No. 831,361.

the parts together.

Patented J une 29, 1915.

per support 1 by means of U-bolts 4 which extend under the horizontalmember of the angle bracket, and through transversebars 5 on the upperedge of the support, said U- bolts having nuts 6 on their ends to clampAn angle bracket 7 issecured to the lower support 2 by means of U-bolts8 which ,extend over the horizontal member of the angle bracket 7 whichis on top of the support, and at their lower ends project through atransverse bar 9 and are secured by nuts 10.

The angle brackets Sand 7 are preferably. providedwith studs 11 whichproject from their surfaceand bear against the U'bolts, preventing anylongitudinalmovement of the brackets on their supports. The verticalmembers 12 and 13 of brackets 3 and 7 respectively areprovided withspherical sockets lll and with perforated ears 15A integral with thehalves of said sockets to hold the sockets at any adjustment as Willhereinafter appear. l )Y To accomplish the adjustment of the, sockets, Iprovide bolts 16 extending through the ears 15 and through spacingbloelrs`,` 17,.between the ears, and vat their ends provided With nuts18 to clamp the parts. The spacing blocks can be removed or replaced orreduced in width as the parts require adjustment` 'Y .19' represents myimproved cylinder which isl provided at its ends with heads 20 and cZ1-respectively. In .the present instance, I have indicated these headsas screwed upon the cylinder with the ends of the latter of generalV-shape in lcross section as shown at 22, positioned in grooves 23 inthe heads, so that when the parts are tightened .together, a securepacking isformed.- This is particularly truewh'en theV-shaped edge ofthe cylinder is of a ditferen't angle from the groove, so that thepressure inthe groove tends to vbind or clamp, and while` I'have shown`this particular means for preventing any escape of fluid, I would haveit understood that I. might employ'any style of packing for the purpose,and I might se--f cure the heads on the .ends of Athe cylinder in anyway best adapted'. for the. purpose.V

rIhe head 20, at one end of the cylinder,

is provided with an integral ball 24 `which 'j is located in the socket14 of bracket 3.

This ball 211m its outer end, has a serew- 11e threaded socket 2,5/ forthe Areception of "a sleeve 26 screwed into the socket and constitutinga gland compressing a packing 27 around a piston rod 28, ywh1ch projectsin thisstuling box, a gland 31 is screwedto press a packing 32 aroundthe rod. These stulling boxes, at the respective ends of the 4 cylinder,insure a perfectly tight liquid joint, yet allow the rod to move freelythrough them.

One end of the rod 28- is screw-threaded as shown at 33, and engages ina screwthreaded opening 34 in a ball 35 located in the socket 14 ofbracket 7. By means of' this screw-threaded connection, the rod may beadjusted vertically relative to the ball or viceversa, so that the partsmay be adjusted to suit conditions.

1 A piston 36is secured to the rod 28 and located within and litscylinder 19. Piston 36 is preferably brazedto the rod, and a pin 37 isemployed to holdthe piston 1n position during'its brazing operation, al-

though of course, I do not limit myself to the particular manner ofsecuring the piston to the rod.

It is to be understood that the cylinder 19 will be filled with a fluidof some sort, preferably a liquid'consisting of a mixture of alcohol andglycerin, although of course, this particular fluid is not essential tomy invention.

VThe piston 36 is provided with a circular seriesof openings 38 throughwhich the fluid is adapted to pass from one side of the piston to theother. To control this flow of lluid,I"-providea disk 39 which islocated against one face of the piston, this being thel upper face inFig. 1. This disk 39 is provided with a circular series of openings 40which may or may not be `smaller, in diameter than the openings 38.

The disk is cut out forming a circular series of nilap valves 42, eachflap valve con# taining an opening 40 above referred to.

The disk 39 is adapted to be adjusted so as to vary the relativepositions of the openings 40 with the openingsf 38. To accomplish this,I provide in' the disk a plurality of slots 41 having headed screws 41therein screwed into the piston, so that when these screws Aareloosened, the disk may be turnedto vary the relative positions of theopenings, and after the proper adjustment is had, thescrews may betightened to hold the disk against-movement. By reason of thisconstruction, the by-passing of liquid through the piston can be varied.In other words,when the disk 39 is turned to cut off a portion of eachopening 38, the passage of fluid will be resisted to that extent, andhence by adjusting the disk, the bypassing of the fluid may becontrolled exactly to suit the load. The valves, however, do` notobstruct the flow of fluid in the opposite direction, but only -in onedirection,

which will be the initial movement of the spring.

It will be noted that the upper bracket 3 has a vertical member 12 whichis longer than apparently necessary, but I construct the bracket in thisway so as to ladapt it for use in connection with other parts of thevehicle. The sleeve 26 is of such a length, that when the rod is in anextreme position, it is still covered and protected from damage which itmight receive from contact with other objects.

With the p arts as indicated, any sudden jolt will cause theupperbracket 3 to move downwardly, the rod 28 and piston 36 standingstationary, and hence the cylinder 19 is caused to move downwardlyandthe fluidy above the piston is forced through openings 38.

`The pressure of fluid against the valves 42 partially close theopenings 38, so that the flow of fluid is obstructed to this extent, anda sudden movement of the spring is prevented. As the spring attempts torebound,

vented, the spring is allowed to return easily to its normal position.

While I have shown my improved shock absorber in one of itsapplications, I would have it understood that I may use the same invarious other ways. The parts could be exactly reversed so that thecylinder would be held and the piston moved, and I may employ inconnection with my improved shock absorber, various other styles ofbracket to secure the same to various parts of vehicles, hence I do notvlimit myself to the precise details set forth, but consider myself atliberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within thespirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A shock absorber, comprising a cylinder, iluid in the c linder, a rodprojecting through the cylin er, a pistonA xed to the rod and having acircular series of openings therethrough for the passage of fluid, adisk secured to one face of the piston, and

mages@ a circularl series of Hap valves formed in the disk and havingopenings adapted to cooperate with the openings 1n the piston, tocontrol the iow of fluid through the piston, substantially as described.l 2. A shock absorber, comprising a cylinder, fluid in the cylinder, arod projecting through the cylinder, a piston fixed to the rod andhaving a? circular series of openings therethrough for the passage offluid, a disk secured to one face of the piston, a circular series of apvalves formed in the disk to control the How of iuid through the piston,means permitting adjustment of the disk, whereby all of the ap valvesare adjusted relative to the openings in the piston, substantially asdescribed.

3. A shock absorber, comprising a. cylinder, fluid in the cylinder, arod projecting through the cylinder, a piston fixed to the rod andhaving a circular series of openings therethrough or the passage ofluid, a disk secured to one face of the piston, and a circular seriesoi' Hap valves formed in the disk and having 'openings' adapted tocoperate with the openings in the piston to control the How of uidthrough the piston, means permitting adjustment of the disk,

' whereby all of the Hap valves are adjusted relative to the openings inthe piston, sub-l stantiallyv as described. 4. A shock absorber,comprising a cylinder, luid in` the cylinder, a rod projecting throughthe cylinder, a piston fixed to the rod and having a circular series ofopenings therethrough, said disk having a series of radial and curvedslits forming in the disk a circular series of Hap valves, and anopening in each Hap valve adapted to cooperate with an opening in thepiston to control the iow' of fluid through said openings, substantiallyas describe 5. A shock absorber, comprising a cylinder, Huid in thecylinder, a rod projecting through the cylinder, a piston lixed )to therod and having a circular series of openings therethrough, said diskhaving a series of radial and curved slits forming in the disk acircular series oi ilap valves, an opening in each Hap valve adapted tocoperate with f.

an opening in the piston to control the ow of iuid through saidopenings, each of said Hap valves having a slot therein, and set screwsin the slots engaging the piston holding the flap valves in any ppsitionof adjust nient, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this speciication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses. s

GRBLDI DE FERNANZO.

Witnesses: l

M. E. Drrrus, Unas. E. Porra.

